1/11/2024 0 Comments Hostile witnessOriginal document must be produced exceptions. – Documents as evidence consists of writings or any material containing letters, words, numbers, figures, symbols or other modes of written expressions offered as proof of their contents. When an object is relevant to the fact in issue, it may be exhibited to, examined or viewed by the court. – Objects as evidence are those addressed to the senses of the court. The admission may be contradicted only by showing that it was made through palpable mistake or that no such admission was made. – An admission, verbal or written, made by a party in the course of the proceedings in the same case, does not require proof. After the trial, and before judgment or on appeal, the proper court, on its own initiative or on request of a party, may take judicial notice of any matter and allow the parties to be heard thereon if such matter is decisive of a material issue in the case. – During the trial, the court, on its own initiative, or on request of a party, may announce its intention to take judicial notice of any matter and allow the parties to be heard thereon. – A court may take judicial notice of matters which are of public knowledge, or are capable of unquestionable demonstration, or ought to be known to judges because of their judicial functions. – A court shall take judicial notice, without the introduction of evidence, of the existence and territorial extent of states, their political history, forms of government and symbols of nationality, the law of nations, the admiralty and maritime courts of the world and their seals, the political constitution and history of the Philippines, the official acts of the legislative, executive and judicial departments of the Philippines, the laws of nature, the measure of time, and the geographical divisions. Evidence on collateral matters shall not be allowed, except when it tends in any reasonable degree to establish the probability or improbability of the fact in issue. – Evidence must have such a relation to the fact in issue as to induce belief in its existence or non-existence. – Evidence is admissible when it is relevant to the issue and is not excluded by the law or these rules. – The rules of evidence shall be the same in all courts and in all trials and hearings, except as otherwise provided by law or these rules. – Evidence is the means, sanctioned by these rules, of ascertaining in a judicial proceeding the truth respecting a matter of fact. – The Court Resolved to (a) APPROVE the Proposed Rules on Evidence as submitted by the Rules of Court Revision Committee on Augeffective Jand (b) cause its PUBLICATION immediately in the Official Gazette and newspapers of general circulation. – Re: Proposed Rules on Evidence as submitted by the Rules of Court Revision Committee on August 31, 1987. Resolution dated March 14, 1989“Bar Matter No.
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